A Carl F. H. Henry Center Partner Feature

released 10/14/2025

In this August 2018 lecture, Gerald R. McDermott examines the typological tradition of the Church, particularly through Jonathan Edwards’s thought, and he argues for a recovery of the Christian understanding of the universe as an “immense Trinitarian symbol.” McDermott explores historical reasons for the loss of a view of Creation as containing “types,” or symbols, embedded within it at every level, that reveal God’s wisdom, love, and other attributes. The impact of the Reformation — which over time led to an eclipsing of a robust Creation theology by a heavy emphasis on redemption — along with that of Darwin, Marx, and Freud, made it harder for Christians to have confidence that Creation could tell us anything about God. McDermott examines Edwards’s “daring” but orthodox belief that God communicates about himself through everything he has made, and he notes the guardrails Edwards advocated to stay within the bounds of orthodoxy. Karl Barth was a vocal and fierce critic of typology and of Edwards, and McDermott explores the historical and theological reasons for his opposition. Ultimately, though, he shows that Barth departed from the view of the Great Tradition and from Scripture, which reveals that though there is no saving knowledge of God in nature, there is true knowledge that can be apprehended even by those who are unregenerate — particularly about God’s existence and his power. Edwards believed — along with the Church through most of her history — that the Holy Spirit opens the eyes of believers to learn how to “read” God’s embedded symbols, which testify to truths about redemption and the Trinity. Indeed, as Ephraim of Syria declared, “He traces his symbols on his property.”

This lecture is provided courtesy of the Carl F. H. Henry Center for Theological Understanding.

61 minutes

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